Preface

Although recent advances in neuroscience have provided physicians with important information regarding primary central nervous system lymphomas and related diseases, the prognosis of patients with primary central nervous system lymphomas remains unsatisfactory. Furthermore, it is often difficult to clinicopathologically differentiate between primary central nervous system lymphomas and other brain lesions, such as malignant gliomas, infarctions, metastatic brain tumors, demyelinating diseases, and inflammatory diseases. A variety of primary central nervous system lymphomas and related diseases have also been highlighted in recent years.

This book has been designated principally as a diagnostic and therapeutic aid for physicians with regard to primary central nervous system lymphomas and related diseases. The 22 chapters detail the biology, pathology, and treatment of primary central nervous system lymphomas. Chapters 1-8 provide basic information on the biology of primary central nervous system lymphomas, and Chapters 9-18 are devoted to the basic pathology of primary central nervous system lymphomas and related diseases. The epidemiology, neuroimaging, and treatments of primary central nervous system lymphomas are discussed in Chapters 19-22.

I sincerely hope that this book will be of practical use to pathologists, neurosurgeons, neurologists, radiologists, and other physicians in diagnosing and combating dangerous tumors, primary central nervous system lymphomas, and related diseases.

Yasuo Sugita, MD

Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine

Chapter 1．Angiogenesis of primary central nervous system lymphomas: The role of endoglin (CD105)

Chapter 2．The perivascular microenvironment in primary central nervous system lymphomas: The role of chemokines and the endothelin B receptor

Chapter 3．The signaling of ghrelin and its functional receptor, the growth hormone secretagogue receptor, promotes tumor growth in brain tumors

Chapter 4．Programmed death 1/Programmed cell death ligand 1 in malignant lymphoma

Chapter 5．The perivascular microenvironment in primary central nervous system lymphomas: The role of programmed cell death 1 and programmed cell death ligand 1

Chapter 6．SHP-1 expression in primary central nervous system B-cell lymphomas in immunocompetent patients reflects maturation stage of normal B cell counterparts

Chapter 7．Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor in primary central nervous system lymphomas

Chapter 8．Role of tumor-associated macrophages in malignant lymphoma

Chapter 9．Intraoperative rapid diagnosis of primary central nervous system lymphomas: Benefits and pitfalls

Chapter 10．Pathology of primary B-cell lymphomas of the central nervous system

Chapter 11．Pathology of primary T-and NK-cell lymphomas of the central nervous system

Chapter 12．Epstein-Barr virus-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system, not otherwise specified

Chapter 13．Iatrogenic immunodeficiency-associated lymphoproliferative disorders

Chapter 14．Epstein-Barr virus-positive lymphoproliferative disorder associated with old organized chronic subdural hematoma

Chapter 15．AIDS-related primary central nervous system lymphomas

Chapter 16．Lymphomatoid granulomatosis of the central nervous system

Chapter 17．Central nervous system lymphomas with cognitive symptoms: The pitfall of diagnosis in the early stages of dementia

Chapter 18．Tumefactive demyelinating disease mimicking primary central nervous system lymphomas

Chapter 19．The epidemiology of primary central nervous System lymphomas

Chapter 20．Diffuse large B-cell type lymphoma of the central nervous system: Characteristic findings on MRI

Chapter 21．Therapeutic options for Primary central nervous system lymphomas

Chapter 22．Treatments of primary central nervous system lymphomas